Travel Vaccinations

Cholera is a bacterial infection that causes severe diarrhoea and dehydration. It is caught by consuming contaminated food or water, especially in areas with poor sanitation. Vaccination is recommended for travel to parts of Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and areas with limited clean water access.

These are serious infections affecting the throat, nerves, and muscles. Diphtheria spreads via respiratory droplets, tetanus enters through contaminated wounds, and polio spreads via contaminated food and water. Vaccination is essential for travel worldwide, particularly in parts of Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

Hepatitis B is a viral infection spread through blood and bodily fluids. It can be transmitted via unprotected sex, medical procedures, or contaminated needles. Vaccination is advised for travel to Asia, Africa, South America, and Eastern Europe.

Japanese Encephalitis is a viral brain infection spread by mosquito bites. It is most common in rural farming areas, particularly where rice fields and pigs are present. Vaccination is recommended for travel to parts of Southeast Asia, East Asia, and the Western Pacific.

Meningitis is an infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord. It spreads through close contact such as coughing, sneezing, or kissing. Vaccination is required for travel to parts of Sub-Saharan Africa (the “meningitis belt”) and for Hajj/Umrah pilgrims to Saudi Arabia.

Tick-borne encephalitis is a viral infection affecting the brain, spread through tick bites. It is commonly found in forested areas. Vaccination is recommended for travel to parts of Central and Eastern Europe, Scandinavia, and Northern Asia.

Typhoid is a bacterial infection that causes fever and digestive symptoms. It spreads through contaminated food and water. Vaccination is recommended for travel to South Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa, and parts of Central and South America.

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral illness causing high fever and severe joint pain. It is transmitted by daytime-biting mosquitoes. There is limited vaccine availability, and risk areas include Southeast Asia, South America, and parts of Africa.

Chikungunya is a viral illness that causes fever and joint pain. It is transmitted through bites from infected mosquitoes. There is no widely available vaccine, but risk is highest in tropical regions including Africa, Asia, and parts of Central and South America.

Hepatitis A is a viral infection affecting the liver. It is transmitted through contaminated food and water or poor hygiene. Vaccination is recommended for travel to Africa, Asia, Central and South America, and Eastern Europe.

This combined vaccine protects against both Hepatitis A and B. It covers transmission through contaminated food, water, blood, and bodily fluids. It is recommended for travellers visiting high-risk regions including Africa, Asia, and Central and South America.

Malaria is a serious parasitic infection transmitted through bites from infected mosquitoes. Preventative anti-malarial medication is recommended rather than a vaccine. Risk areas include Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and parts of South America.

Rabies is a life-threatening viral infection that affects the nervous system. It is transmitted through bites, scratches, or saliva from infected animals. Vaccination is recommended for travel to Asia, Africa, and Central and South America, especially where access to medical care is limited.

Traveller’s diarrhoea is a common condition caused by consuming contaminated food or water. It leads to diarrhoea, stomach cramps, and dehydration. It is most common in parts of Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Central and South America.

Yellow fever is a serious viral infection spread by mosquito bites. Some countries require proof of vaccination for entry. Vaccination is essential for travel to parts of Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.

Whooping cough is a highly contagious respiratory infection causing severe coughing fits. It spreads through airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing. Vaccination is recommended worldwide, especially for travellers in close-contact environments.